The degrees of freedom for the between-group variability are calculated as follows: In the case of ANOVA, there are two degrees of freedom: the degrees of freedom for the between-group variability and the degrees of freedom for the within-group variability. The critical value is determined based on the level of significance and the degrees of freedom.ĭegrees of freedom are the number of independent values in a calculation. If the F-statistic is greater than the critical value, then there is a significant difference between the means of the different groups. The F-statistic is used to determine whether there is a significant difference between the means of the different groups. Once the sum of squares for the between-group variability and the within-group variability have been calculated, the F-statistic can be calculated using the formula mentioned above. yij: The value of each data point in each group. ![]() SSW: The sum of squares for the within-group variability. ![]() The sum of squares for the within-group variability is calculated as follows: y: The overall mean of all the data points.ni: The number of data points in each group.SSB: The sum of squares for the between-group variability.The sum of squares for the between-group variability is calculated as follows: The sum of squares is the sum of the squared deviations of each data point from the mean. To perform an ANOVA calculation, the first step is to calculate the sum of squares for the between-group variability and the within-group variability. ![]()
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